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The short answer Under Vietnam’s transfer pricing framework, two parties are generally treated as related if one directly or indirectly holds 25% or more of the other’s charter capital, if both are controlled by a common third party holding 25% or more, if one guarantees 25% or more of the other’s borrowings, if one has the right to appoint a majority of the other’s board, or if a single individual holds 25% or more in both entities. Transactions between a company and its per

The short answer Vietnam applies withholding tax mainly through the Foreign Contractor Tax (FCT) regime — a combined VAT and corporate income tax withheld on payments to foreign entities without a Vietnamese legal presence — plus separate rules for dividends, interest, and personal income tax withholding on payments to individuals. There is no single flat “withholding tax rate”: the rate depends on the nature of the payment (goods, services, royalties, interest, dividends) an

The short answer There is currently no double taxation agreement (DTA) in force between the United States and Vietnam. A treaty — the Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income — was signed by both governments in 2015 and ratified on the Vietnamese side in 2017. It has never been ratified by the US Senate, and provisions in the text that fell out of step with US tax law changes after 2020 have kept it in

The short answer Expats in Vietnam are taxed based on residency status, not nationality or visa type. Tax residents (present 183+ days in a calendar year or 12 consecutive months, or maintaining permanent accommodation in Vietnam) are taxed on worldwide income at progressive rates now running from 5% to 35% across five brackets under Vietnam’s new Personal Income Tax Law (Law No. 109/2025/QH15), effective from 1 July 2026 with employment and business income provisions applyin